Welcome to the Information library || Kaliningrad || Industry

Welcome to the information library developed within the framework of the EU project ESMAK-Promotion of Intergrated Environmental and Safety Management Practices for Industry in Kaliningra

LIFE05 TCY/ROS/000143

Information	Prevention and control of Industrial Pollution
Library	Prevention of Industrial Accidents Environmental Management Systems

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Kaliningrad Industry

The industry of the Kaliningrad region it is deeply specialized, the largest part of the enterprises has not a regional, but the all-Russian significance. The industrial profile of the region is defined by the following branches: fishing industry, mechanical engineering and metal processing, pulp and paper industry. The largest part of the produced products is taken out of the region. It is first of all fish products, products for industry (equipment, devices, tools, vehicles, etc.), cellulose, as well as amber products and oil. Electric power industry, peat, chemical, wood and wood processing industries and manufacture of building materials attend to the economy of the region. There are five pulp and paper factories in the area. Small enterprises make sawing (wood processing industry). Manufacture of wooden and carton packing («Package producing factory», «Kaliningaradtare»), the furniture industry («Baltmebel» LTd) is most developed.

The fishing complex of the region is in crisis - research work of «Rybprognose» is cut down, the fleet is outdated, the catch of fish and seafood is curtailed. About 82% of the extracted sea resources "leave" to foreign countries, about 11% stay in the region, and the rest go to other regions of Russia.

The jeweller (amber) industry exports raw material (washed and sorted lump amber) and intermediate products (plates of pressed fine amber ready for further processing and manufacturing of brooches, rings, ear-rings, etc.). Extraction is carried out by the open-pit method at the Primorsky and Palmnikens deposits.

Oilfields with stocks of industrial value are found in the regional shelf zone of the Baltic Sea. Land deposits with the amount of extraction 0.7 – 0.8 million tons a year («LUKOIL») are now in work. Development of oil-refining industry will be most effective in case of processing on site and this issue is crucial for the region.

Deposits of peat are about 3 billion tons. There are more than 30 deposits in the region. The small part is exported. Dozens of minor deposits of construction materials such as clay, sand and sandy gravel are mined in different parts of the region.

Light industry of the Kaliningrad region is focused at the local consumer. They are Sovietsk hosiery factory, the Kaliningrad shoe factory, etc. However there is an experience of manufacturing sewing semi finished items and products for the large western companies manufacturing production under their trademark.

Mechanical engineering means a lot for the Kaliningrad region. It is represented by three branches: electrical and electronic industry (design department "Fakel", joint-stock company "Factory of lighting accessory", "Kaliningrad-gazavtomatika", joint-stock company "Carat", etc.), transport mechanical engineering, i.e. shipbuilding (joint-stock company " Yantar") and ship repair ("Shipyard Pregol"), carriage engineering ("Vagonostroitel"), motor-car industry (KIA Baltica", «Avtotor-1»), instrument making, i.e. manufacture of equipment for food and a pulp and paper industry.

Agriculture

The Kaliningrad region is the most reclamated region of the Russian Federation from the agricultural point of view. The total area of farmland exceeds 800 thousand hectares that makes 60% of land; 92% of the soils are reclaimed areas. The agriculture specializes in stock-breeding (meat and milk stock farming, pig-breeding and poultry farming). The number of cattle is almost 2 times more, than in Primorski Krai; there are 170 thousand heads of cattle; 100 thousand heads of pigs (1999). Stock-breeding is based on the developed forage reserve: perennial cultural grasslands, hayfields, feed crops and fodder grain. Agriculture has an auxiliary character. There are 3 groups of manufacturers: collective farms of various ownership (192), farms and individual farms. The share of farms in farm production is low (4%). Individual farms produce the enormous amount of the goods: 92% of potatoes and vegetables, 52% of milk and 39% of meat. All agricultural goods are processed at the local enterprises of food-processing industry

Food-processing industry

The food-processing industry of the region depends on the agriculture. 60 % of food manufacture are fish products, 15% are alcoholic beverages, 10 % are meat and dairy products. Speaking of other productions there is baking, confectionery, flour-and-cereals and feed mill industry. There appeared monopolists in the market of manufacturers such as joint-stock company "Moloko", a poultry factory "Pribrezhnaya". It is connected with introduction of new technologies, expansion of production assortment.